In this video Paul Andersen explains how a spontaneous process may take either the thermodynamically controlled or the kinetic controlled pathway. If the activation energy determines the path taken then the process is under kinetic control. This accounts for the variation if products from a similar reaction at different temperatures. Find extra slideshow and map resources. [4:24]

In the following video Paul Andersen explains how the energy in a closed system can be converted from kinetic to potential to kinetic energy. Sample problems and a simulation is contained. [4:46]

Paul Andersen explains how land is developed for human use. Urbanization has occurred through the last century as people have moved to cities in large numbers. Transportation and the arrival of the car have led to urban sprawl and urban blight. [8:07]

Mr. Andersen explains the law of superposition and the principle of original horizontality. He uses an animation to explain how rock layers can accumulate over time. [6:21]

In the following video Paul Andersen explains how light can be absorbed, reflected, or transmitted as it moves from one medium to another. The reflection of different wavelengths creates the perceived color of an object. Absorbed light is converted to energy and transmitted light moves through the material. [4:55]

The following video explains how all material has magnetic properties. Ferromagnetic material can be permanently magnetized, paramagnetic material will align with magnetic fields, and diamagnetic material will align weakly with magnetic fields. Magnetism is a quantum property that acts at all scale levels. [6:47]

In the following video Paul Andersen explains how mass can be converted to energy and energy can be converted to mass. [3:30]

In the following video Paul Andersen explains how matter, like light, can be treated as both a particle and a wave. Louis de Broglie proposed that matter could act as a wave and described the wavelength of matter as a function of Planck's constant divided by the momentum of the particle. [3:52]

In the following video Paul Andersen compares and contrasts mechanical and electromagnetic waves. Both types of waves transfer energy through oscillations but mechanical waves requires a medium. Several examples of each type of wave are included. [4:37]

Paul Andersen explains how mining is used to extract valuable minerals from the Earth's crust. Surface and subsurface mining are used to extract ore which is then processed. A discussion of ecosystem impacts and legislation is also included. [6:51]

Mr. Andersen describes motion as the movement of an object over time. An experiment in motion is used to calculate velocity and acceleration of a tennis ball. [8:46]

Paul Andersen explains how an overall chemical reaction is made up of several elementary steps. The stoichiometry of this equation can be predicted but the rate law must be measured. If the elementary steps of the reaction are determined the rate law of this individual step may be predicted. Don't miss the concept map and slideshow. [4:03]

Paul Andersen explains the three types of muscle found in humans: striated, smooth and cardiac muscle. He explains how actin and myosin interact to contract the sarcomere in a muscle. The sliding filament theory explains how ATP and calcium are used to contract the z disks. [5:58]

Paul Andersen describes the major mutations found in the living world. He starts with an analogy comparing the information in DNA with the information in a recipe. Changes in the DNA can result in changes to the protein, like changes in the recipe can result in changes in the food. [7:02]

Paul Andersen explains how the Earth's climate will natural change due to interactions between the Sun and Earth, volcanism, and plate tectonics. Species may go extinct leading to adaptive radiation or may move to a suitable climate. Primary and secondary succession are also discussed. [6:38]

In this video, Paul Andersen defines natural selection as differential reproductive success. He then explains how natural selection shapes organisms on our planet through variation and selection. A K-12 teaching progression is also included. [5:33]

Paul Andersen explains how natural selection is a major mechanism in evolution. The video begins with a discussion of Charles Darwin and the details of natural selection. The data of the peppered moth during the industrial revolution is used to show the process of adaptation. [10:15]

In the following video Paul Andersen explains how Newton's Second Law applies when a net force acts on a body. The net force vector and the acceleration vector will act in the same direction. If an object acts on another object in a system the center of mass of the system will experience no acceleration [8:18]

Paul Andersen explains how nuclear energy is released during fission of radioactive uranium. Light water reactors, nuclear waste, and nuclear accidents are also discussed along with the future of nuclear energy. [9:06]