As part of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site examines a variety of topics related to electrochemistry. In particular, this site explores a range of topics related to batteries including primary and secondary batteries, the LeClanche "dry cell," timeline of battery development, and more.

Covering a range of topics related to the quantum theory of the atom, this site provides a three-part dissection of atomic theory including information on particles, waves, light, electrons, and atoms.

Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site seeks to answer the question, what is a reversible reaction? Acting as part of a larger informative site on equilibrium, various topics are addressed including the mechanism of the reaction, thermodynamics, chemical change, and more.

With an overview of seven topics related to solutions, this .pdf file provides information on everything from osmosis and osmotic pressure to ions in aqueous solution. Other topics include solutions of volatile substances, methods of expressing the concentration of a solution, and more.

Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site explores a variety of organic acids including acetic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, and more.

Through a series of five related sections, this 24 page pdf file examines a range of topics associated with states of matter including physical interactions between molecular units, bonding within molecular units, molecular units of chemical substances, and more.

As part of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site examines a variety of topics related to Earth's atmosphere. Topics covered in the overview include structure of the atmosphere, composition of the atmosphere, energy balance of the atmosphere and earth, and more.

With an overview of topics related to chemical energetics, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and its relation to energy, heat, and work.

Acting as a subtopic of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook's section on Atoms and the Periodic Table, this site discusses Niels Bohr and his work with the atom. Topics covered in the discussion include the atom before Bohr, Bohr's orbital model, how Bohr's theory explains the hydrogen spectrum, and more.

As part of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site examines a variety of topics related to the Earth, and specifically the Earth's crust. Other topics covered include chemistry of the crust, composition of rock, distribution of elements, and more.

With an overview of topics related to chemical equilibrium, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics with specific attention on the second law.

As part of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site examines a variety of topics related to the hydrosphere and the oceans. Topics covered include where the water came from, the hydrologic cycle, Oceanic circulation, atmospheric circulation, surface currents of the oceans, and more.

The General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, or Chem 1, is broken into several sections covering various aspects of topics related to chemistry. This section deals with the shared-electron covalent bond and related topics such as the octet rule, electron-dot formulas, lone pair electrons, and more.

Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site explores topics related to the various types of acids and bases. The topics covered include binary hydrogen compounds, hydroxy compounds, oxygen compounds, and more.

As part of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site examines a variety of topics related to entropy. Other topics covered include how thermal energy is stored in molecules, quantum states, microstates and energy spreading, and more.

Covering a range of eight topics related to chemistry, this resource provides a wealth of information complete with pictures, charts, graphs, and examples. Includes information on elements, compounds, atoms, molecules, structures, formulas, and more.

With an overview of topics related to chemical energetics, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and its relation to entropy. Information on the topic ranges from reversible and irreversible changes to standard entropies of substances.

As part of the "Basic Atomics" section of the Virtual Textbook, this site examines formulas and how they are read and written. Other topics covered include a concept map, simplest formulas, and masses.

Here at Chem4Kids.com you can find some great information about the 5th element in the periodic table, "boron." Content focuses on boron's electrons, where you can find boron in nature and in the home, and how boron combines with other elements.

Click on the left navigation terms for some great information about the 6th element in the periodic table, "carbon." Content focuses on carbon's electrons, where you can find carbon in nature and in the home, and how carbon combines with other elements.