By the end of this section, you will be able to do the following: Analyze whether monetary policy decisions should be made more democratically; Calculate the velocity of money; Evaluate the central bank's influence on inflation, unemployment, asset bubbles, and leverage cycles; and Calculate the effects of monetary stimulus.

For upper level classes and abilities only. A very scholarly explanation of the causes of the Great Depression and steps Franklin Roosevelt to end it. An excellent source due to its thorough analysis and detail.

Economics website presents a video [0:52] and quiz teaching students about the concept of money and monetary goods.

The Minneapolis branch of the Federal Reserve Bank system. It has a wealth of financial information and data, information about the banking system and the state of the economy, and financial education resources.

This page from the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond provides access to information in the following categories: General Information, Monetary Policy & Business Conditions, Financial Services, Banking, Community Affairs, Consumer Information, Economic Research, and President's Speeches about the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.

This page from the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco provides information in the following categories: Inside the FRBSF, Economic Research, Financial Services, Economics Education, Community Affairs, Banking and Finance in the West, Treasury Securities or Savings Bonds, and Central Banking.

This Federal Reserve Board site page gives a short description of the Federal Reserve System and what it does. Related links.

The Governor of Wisconsin's remarks on monetary policy. The article discusses the effective operation of the central bank within government. (October 24, 2000)

Inflation, unemployment, recession, and economic growth affect people in real ways. Through interactive lessons, this module teaches students about fiscal policy, the avenue by which Congress and the president attempt to influence the economy. Three modules that would further students understanding of the content are GDP and Pizza, The Unemployment Short Modules, and The Fed's New Monetary Policy Tools. This content from Econ Lowdown also features alignment to national Financial Literacy and/or Economics standards.

Inflation, unemployment, recession, and economic growth affect people’s lives. This module teaches students about fiscal policy, the avenue by which Congress and the president can attempt to influence the economy. Other modules that would further students understanding of the content are GDP and Pizza, Government Budgets, The Story of Unemployment, and Monetary Policy. This content from Econ Lowdown also features alignment to national Financial Literacy and/or Economics standards.

Practice what you have learned about the short-run consequences of using fiscal and monetary policy in conjunction with each other or in opposition to each other.

Khan Academy learning modules include a Community space where users can ask questions and seek help from community members. Educators should consult with their Technology administrators to determine the use of Khan Academy learning modules in their classroom. Please review materials from external sites before sharing with students.

History holds many economic lessons. The Great Depression, in particular, is an event that provides the opportunity to teach and learn a great deal about economics-whether you're studying the economic reasons that the Depression took place, the factors that helped it come to an end or the impact on Americans who lived through it. This curriculum is designed to provide teachers with economic lessons that they can share with their students to help them understand this significant experience in U.S. history.

In this lesson summary review and remind yourself of the key terms and graphs related to the effects of fiscal policy actions in the short run. Topics include how fiscal and monetary policy can be used in combination to close output gaps, and how fiscal and monetary policy affect key macroeconomic indicators such as output, unemployment, the real interest rate, and inflation. This resource is designed as a review for the AP Macroeconomics Test or a college-level macroeconomics course.

Khan Academy learning modules include a Community space where users can ask questions and seek help from community members. Educators should consult with their Technology administrators to determine the use of Khan Academy learning modules in their classroom. Please review materials from external sites before sharing with students.

Principles of Macroeconomics 2e covers the scope and sequence of most introductory economics courses. The text includes many current examples, which are handled in a politically equitable way. The outcome is a balanced approach to the theory and application of economics concepts. The second edition has been thoroughly revised to increase clarity, update data and current event impacts, and incorporate the feedback from many reviewers and adopters. Changes made in Principles of Macroeconomics 2e are described in the preface and the transition guide to help instructors transition to the second edition. The first edition of Principles of Macroeconomics by OpenStax is available in web view here.

By the end of this section, you will be able to:

Differentiate among a floating exchange rate, a soft peg, a hard peg, and a merged currency
Identify the tradeoffs that come with a floating exchange rate, a soft peg, a hard peg, and a merged currency