Students learn the fundamentals of using microbes to treat wastewater. They discover how wastewater is generated and its primary constituents. Microbial metabolism, enzymes and bioreactors are explored to fully understand the primary processes occurring within organisms.

Biology 2e is designed to cover the scope and sequence requirements of a typical two-semester biology course for science majors. The text provides comprehensive coverage of foundational research and core biology concepts through an evolutionary lens. Biology includes rich features that engage students in scientific inquiry, highlight careers in the biological sciences, and offer everyday applications. The book also includes various types of practice and homework questions that help students understand—and apply—key concepts. The 2nd edition has been revised to incorporate clearer, more current, and more dynamic explanations, while maintaining the same organization as the first edition. Art and illustrations have been substantially improved, and the textbook features additional assessments and related resources.

By the end of this section, you will be able to do the following:

Describe physical and chemical immune barriers
Explain immediate and induced innate immune responses
Discuss natural killer cells
Describe major histocompatibility class I molecules
Summarize how the proteins in a complement system function to destroy extracellular pathogens

By the end of this section, you will be able to do the following:

Describe the role that protists play in the ecosystem
Describe important pathogenic species of protists

Describes how autoimmune diseases affect the body.

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How can you tell if harmful bacteria are in your food or water that might make you sick? What you eat or drink can be contaminated with bacteria, viruses, parasites and toxins—pathogens that can be harmful or even fatal. Students learn which contaminants have the greatest health risks and how they enter the food supply. While food supply contaminants can be identified from cultures grown in labs, bioengineers are creating technologies to make the detection of contaminated food quicker, easier and more effective.

This lesson describes the major components and functions of the immune system and the role of engineers in keeping the body healthy (e.g., vaccinations and antibiotics, among other things). This lesson also discusses how an astronaut's immune system is suppressed during spaceflight due to stress and other environmental factors.

This video describes the non-adaptive immune system, innate immune system, and the adaptive immune system.

An interactive, self-guided lesson on the function of the human immune system and how medical intervention prevents disease. This lesson has many descriptive animations as well as graphs and diagrams to help with understanding. There is a self-checking quiz at the end of the lesson.

Learn about the human body's second line of defense against pathogens, innate immunity. [5:24]

If you want to check your understanding of immunology, this is the place to go. This resource has 13 different questions to test your knowledge, as well as tutorials that go with each question.

Understand how pathogens cause infections in humans.

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Learn about the human body's immune response to pathogens.

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Student teams practice water quality analysis through turbidity measurement and coliform bacteria counts. They use information about water treatment processes to design prototype small-scale water treatment systems and test the influent (incoming) and effluent (outgoing) water to assess how well their prototypes produce safe water to prevent water-borne illnesses.

Students modify a provided App Inventor code to design their own diseases. This serves as the evolution step in the software/systems design process. The activity is essentially a mini design cycle in which students are challenged to design a solution to the modification, implement and test it using different population patterns The result of this process is an evolution of the original app.